Impacts of Land Use and Land Cover Changes on Hydrological Response

Abstract

Land use and land cover (LULC) changes have far-reaching implications for hydrological response, making them a critical consideration in watershed management and water resources management. This review paper synthesizes key findings from the literature on the impacts of LULC changes on hydrological processes. The analysis highlights that LULC modifications can significantly alter critical hydrological components, such as surface runoff, groundwater recharge, infiltration, interception, and evaporation, with immediate or long-lasting effects at local and regional scales. Regional-scale hydrological models are valuable tools for simulating the impacts of potential LULC changes and identifying strategies to improve the adaptive capacity of river basins. However, the complexity of hydrological modelling, including spatial and temporal variability and calibration challenges, warrants careful consideration. Further research is needed to comprehensively evaluate the combined impacts of LULC changes on hydrology and water quality, as well as the differential effects of various LULC types on hydrological processes. Advances in technology, such as remote sensing and modelling tools, have facilitated the monitoring and understanding of LULC dynamics, providing valuable insights for effective natural resource planning and management. Continuous questioning and updating of our understanding of land-water interactions are essential for informed decision-making in land use planning and water resources management, with the ultimate goal of achieving sustainable land and water management practices. In conclusion, assessing the impacts of LULC changes on hydrology is crucial for watershed management and development, and provides valuable insights for sustainable land and water management practices.